Are Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries Really Safe?

Nowadays, when people buy new energy vehicles, they objectively have to choose between two technologies: lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery. Industry insiders tell us: Those who value endurance and vehicle lightweight should choose the ternary system. If you pay attention to safety, choose lithium iron phosphate series. In this regard, consumers are eager for industry insiders to give a practical answer from a technical perspective: Are lithium iron phosphate batteries safe? This question must be answered from three aspects: material/structural stability, production process, and charge and discharge characteristics.

1. Lithium iron phosphate is currently the safest cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. It does not contain any heavy metal elements that are harmful to the human body. Its olivine structure makes it difficult for oxygen to escape, which improves the stability of the material.

2. The production process of lithium iron phosphate（ lifepo4）batteries is roughly the same as that of other lithium battery varieties. The core processes are: batching, coating, rolling, sheeting, and winding. In the batching process, the conductivity of lithium iron phosphate material is relatively poor, so the particles are generally made smaller. The objective effect of this is: the internal arrangement is more uniform, prompting it to form a balanced voltage platform, and it can maintain The battery's condition is stable.

3. Charge and discharge are the two basic working states of lithium batteries. When the lithium iron phosphate（lifepo4） battery is charged and discharged, because the iron ions do not have strong oxidation ability and do not release oxygen, it is naturally difficult to undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction with the electrolyte. This makes the charging and discharging process of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a safe environment. Not only that, lithium iron phosphate batteries are difficult to undergo violent redox reactions during high-rate discharge or even overcharge and discharge. At the same time, after lithium is deintercalated, the lattice change causes the final volume of the unit cell (the smallest unit of the crystal) to shrink, which just offsets the increased volume of the carbon negative electrode during the reaction. Therefore, during charging and discharging, lithium iron phosphate batteries It can maintain the stability of the physical structure and eliminate the hidden danger of battery explosion due to increase in volume.

The battery safety mentioned above is explained using a single unit as an example for the sake of convenience. When put into use, the lithium iron phosphate battery needs to provide a rated voltage and capacity suitable for electrical appliances. In this case, the lithium iron phosphate battery needs to be tested. Battery matching work, that is, configuring single lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical lithium battery packs through series/parallel/series-parallel connection. The most important thing to pay attention to in this kind of grouping work is the consistency of each single battery. Usually, it also has a balance management system to ensure the safety of lithium battery use through key parameter control. This is a common feature of all types of lithium battery packs.