Views: 2 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-04-10 Origin: Site
Balanced management is an important function of Battery Management System (BMS), which ensures that each battery unit in the battery pack maintains a consistent performance state during the charging and discharging process. This function can be likened to the "team coordinator" of the battery, responsible for ensuring that each member of the battery pack can work synchronously, thereby improving the efficiency and lifespan of the entire battery pack. The following is a detailed explanation of the balanced management function:
1. Battery unit monitoring: Monitor the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of each battery unit to evaluate its status and performance.
2. Balance controller: Control the balance process and adjust the energy distribution between each battery unit based on the difference in battery unit status.
3. Balance algorithm: A software algorithm running in BMS, used to calculate and execute balance strategies to reduce inconsistency between battery cells.
4. Energy transfer mechanism: Hardware that enables energy transfer between battery cells, such as inductors, capacitors, or DC/DC converters.
5. Communication interface: used for data exchange and command transfer between battery units and between battery units and BMS main controller.
1. Voltage balance: Ensure that the voltage of all battery cells in the battery pack is maintained within a certain range, reducing voltage differences.
2. Current balance: during the charging and discharging process, adjust the current of the battery unit to ensure that the charging and discharging rate of each unit is consistent.
3. Temperature balance: Monitor and adjust the temperature distribution in the battery pack to prevent local overheating or undercooling that may affect battery performance.
4. SOC (State of Charge) Balance: Adjust the state of charge of battery cells to be as close as possible to avoid limiting the performance of the entire battery pack due to low SOC of individual cells.
5. State of Health (SOH) balance: Considering the varying degrees of battery aging over time, improving the overall health status of the battery pack through balance management.
6. Active equilibrium and passive equilibrium:
Active balancing: By transferring energy (such as inductance or capacitance) from high capacity batteries to low capacity batteries, energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Passive balancing: Reducing the energy of high-capacity batteries through energy dissipation (such as resistance heat release) is simple and cost-effective, but may result in a loss of some energy.
Through the management of these components and detailed parameters, the balanced management function of BMS can effectively coordinate the working status of each battery unit in the battery pack, reduce the negative impact of inconsistency, and thus improve the overall performance and service life of electric vehicle battery systems.